DC Motors Manufacturers online

DC motors are electric motors with a long tradition

DC motors, often referred to as DC machines, have been known in principle since 1829. Towards the end of the 19th century, developments by Werner von Siemens meant that the DC motor could also be used in industry. In the following decades, however, this type of motor was increasingly replaced by AC and three-phase motors.

The different types of DC motors

DC machines are divided into:

• Permanently excited motors
• series-wound motors
• shunt motors
• double-wound motors
• Engines with external excitation

The design of the DC machine

The main components of these motors are the stator, designed as a solid hollow cylinder, and the moving rotor, also called armature, located inside the stator. The rotor is designed as a coil. The current flow through the armature winding generates a second magnetic field which interacts with the stator field. The stator is either a permanent magnet or a coil with excitation windings.

Permanently excited motors

They have the advantage that they have a higher efficiency at low powers, since no energy has to be supplied to generate the stator magnetic field. A disadvantage of large motors is the price of the permanent magnet. A further disadvantage is the poor adjustability of the speed, since the magnetic field of the permanent magnet cannot be reduced. Therefore, this technology is mainly used for smaller motors, such as toys, electric bicycles or fans for cooling in motor vehicles.

The series motor

The name of the series-wound motor, also known as the series-wound machine, refers to the connection of the armature and exciter windings of the stator. If they are connected in series, one speaks of a series-wound motor. Due to this interconnection of the armature and stator windings, this motor can also be operated with alternating current. It is therefore also called an all-current motor. A further advantage is the lower starting current of this type of motor. However, they produce a high starting torque. Therefore, they are often used in vehicle starters. The series-wound motor is also often found in household appliances such as vacuum cleaners.

The shunt-wound motor

Another variant of the DC machine is the shunt machine. The windings of the armature and stator coils are connected in parallel. This means that they can only be operated with direct current. Since the speed of these motors is virtually independent of the torque, shunt motors are often used where the torque has to remain constant when the load fluctuates. Examples of this are lifting tools or conveyor belts.

The double-wound motor

This motor is a combination of in-line and shunt machine. It has both a series winding and a shunt winding.

Engines with external excitation

In the case of externally excited motors, the exciter and armature windings draw their energy from separately adjustable direct current sources. This allows the armature voltage to be changed independently of the excitation current. This type of motor is often used for dynamic drives, for example in machine tools.

Cooling the DC motor

Electric motors of all types emit considerably less heat than comparable combustion engines due to their greater efficiency. Therefore, forced ventilation is only required for motors with correspondingly high outputs. Air or water cooling is the main type of cooling used for DC motors.

Find the right manufacturer

These motors are offered by a number of manufacturers. These questions can help in the selection of the manufacturer:

• Bidder of the manufacturer a purchase consultation?
• Which delivery times are indicated for the desired engine?
• Is there a customer service?
• Are spare parts and/or a repair service offered?